From the median to the generalized center
نویسندگان
چکیده
The purpose of this paper is twofold. First, we revisit the cent-dian location problem developed by Halpern, considering both the average and maximum distances. We provide a complete characterization of the cent-dians in the case of a tree and present a new algorithm to détermine this set in the case of a gênerai network. Second, to deal with distributional justice considérations in the access to the facility, we introducé the concept of generalized center defined as the point which minimizes the différence between maximum and average distances. We show that this point coïncides with the center in a tree. An algorithm tofînd the generalized center in a gênerai network is proposed. Résumé. — Cet article a deux objectifs. Tout d'abord, on reconsidère le problème centre-médiane étudié par Halpern, dans le cas où l'on retient les distances moyenne et maximale. On donne une caractérisation complète des centre-médianes dans le cas d'un arbre, tandis qu'on présente un nouvel algorithme permettant de déterminer l'ensemble de ces points dans le cas d'un réseau quelconque. En second lieu, afin d'appréhender les inégalités dans l'accessibilité à l'équipement que l'on cherche à implanter, nous introduisons le concept de centre généralisé défini comme le point minimisant la différence entre les distances maximale et moyenne. Dans le cas d'un arbre, nous montrons que ce point coïncide avec le centre. Pour le cas plus général d'un réseau quelconque, nous présentons un algorithme qui permet de trouver le point recherché.
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